Number 123 = CXXIII

About Roman Numerals

Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and is still used in some cases today. The system uses letters from the Latin alphabet to represent numbers:

• I = 1
• V = 5
• X = 10
• L = 50
• C = 100
• D = 500
• M = 1000

Roman numerals use subtractive notation for numbers 4, 9, 40, 90, 400, 900 (e.g., IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900).

Why the limit of 3999? The classical Roman numeral system does not have a standard way to represent numbers greater than 3999 (MMMCMXCIX) without using additional symbols or overlines. For numbers greater than 3999, other systems or special notations are typically used.

Roman numerals are an ancient numbering system still used today in various contexts, including book chapters, movie sequels, clock faces, and historical dates. Our Roman numerals converter provides accurate bidirectional conversion between Arabic numbers and Roman numerals.

This tool supports numbers from 1 to 3999, which covers the standard range for most practical applications. Whether you need to convert a year, chapter number, or any other numeric value to Roman numerals, this converter ensures accuracy and follows traditional Roman numeral conventions.

Use Cases

• 1Converting years for historical documents
• 2Numbering book chapters and sections
• 3Creating clock faces and watch designs
• 4Academic and educational purposes
• 5Movie and TV series numbering
• 6Monument and building inscriptions

Frequently Asked Questions